THE ENFORCEABLE TITLE is a document drawn up by the competent authority in accordance with the law, by virtue of which compulsory enforcement of the claim established in it becomes possible, provided that enforcement is limited to the subject matter determined by that document.
Enforcement of civil provisions contained in enforceable titles
The law provides that enforcement may be carried out only on the basis of a court judgment or another document which, under the law, constitutes an enforceable title. The following constitute enforceable titles under the law:
- court judgments pronuntate in procesele civile, inclusiv conflictele de munca, in procesele comerciale, in procesele in materie de contencios administrativ, in procesele in materie de creatie intelectuala si de proprietate industriala, in procesele in materie de expropriere, precum si in cererile pentru repararea prejudiciilor cauzate prin erori judiciare savarsite in procesele penale, cele pronuntate in procesele penale cand statueaza asupra unor pretentii civile (despagubiri, cheltuieli de judecata), cele prin care partile sunt obligate la plata unor amenzi fara caracter penal (administrative, judecatoresti etc.), precum si cele pronuntate cu procedura somatiei de plata;
- judgments of foreign courts dupa indeplinirea formalitatilor prevazute de lege;
- arbitration awards;
- documents authenticated by a notary public care prevad o creanta certa, lichida si exigibila (contractul de imprumut, contractul de ipoteca etc);
- bills of exchange, promissory notes and cheques;
- other documents to which the law grants enforceability, such as real estate security agreements, lease agreements, etc.
To be enforceable, court judgments must satisfy the statutory requirements: they must be enforceable or final and certified by the court registry.
Required documents to open an enforcement case:
Individuals/Legal entities:
- The enforceable title in the original
- Enforcement applications (it can be drafted at our office) — download here
- Where applicable, a lawyer’s power of attorney, together with the invoice and receipt for legal fees.